Glossary · Pneumatics and hydraulics
Pneumatic cylinder
Also known as: Air cylinder, Pneumatic actuator
German: Pneumatikzylinder
In pneumatics, a pneumatic cylinder is a linear actuator in which compressed air acts on a piston to produce linear force and motion. ISO 15552 standardizes mounting dimensions of a common cylinder type with detachable mountings.
- Fluid power
In one sentence
A pneumatic cylinder is a linear actuator driven by compressed air acting on a piston; ISO 15552 standardizes common mounting dimensions.
Example
A sorting station uses ISO 15552 pneumatic cylinders with magnetic pistons and position sensors to push parts off the conveyor.
How it applies
- Engineering: Cylinders are sized by force (pressure times area, with a safety margin), stroke, speed and mounting. Standardized dimensions make cylinders from different manufacturers interchangeable mechanically.
- Commissioning: Speed, cushioning and sensor positions are adjusted with the real load.
- Operation: Because air is compressible, pneumatic cylinders are not stiff; positions between end stops need special solutions such as Servo pneumatics or clamping units.
- Documentation: Describe crushing and impact hazards at the cylinder's travel range and behavior on loss or return of air. Include venting before maintenance: residual air can move the cylinder when fittings are loosened.
Pneumatic vs. electric cylinder
An electric cylinder uses a motor and a screw; it positions freely and precisely. A pneumatic cylinder is simple and robust, usually moving between end positions.