Glossary · Automation fundamentals, platforms and components
IP code (degree of protection)
Also known as: IP protection class, Ingress protection rating, IP rating
German: IP-Schutzart
In electrical engineering, the IP code defined in IEC 60529 states the degree of protection an enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts, ingress of solid foreign objects (first digit) and ingress of water (second digit), for example IP65.
- Automation components
- Standards
In one sentence
The IP code (IEC 60529) states how well an enclosure protects against solid objects and water, for example IP65.
Example
An IP67 sensor withstands temporary immersion as tested, while an IP20 control relay must be installed inside a protective cabinet.
How it applies
- Engineering: Components are chosen by IP code to suit their location: cabinets, machine mounting, washdown areas. Additional letters and supplementary codes can refine the rating.
- Installation: The rating only applies when the enclosure is correctly installed, with seals, cable glands and unused openings closed as specified.
- Documentation: State the IP code in technical data, and describe the conditions needed to maintain it, such as tightening torques and closed covers. Do not translate IP codes into vague claims like "waterproof".
IP code vs. NEMA type
In North America, enclosures are often rated by NEMA types, which also cover aspects such as corrosion and ice. IP codes and NEMA types do not map one-to-one; comparison tables give only approximate equivalents. The IP code also does not cover Explosion protection.